Priyanshu Chatterjee started his modelling career working with projects such as Digjam's Print Campaign, Wills Cigarettes, Levi's & Four Square. Following this, he appeared in a Udit Narayan music video . Chatterjee made his acting debut with Tum Bin (2001), a romantic drama. Bollywood Hungama while reviewing Tum Bin wrote of Chatterjee's performance "Priyanshu has the meatier role and he performs it with utmost sincerity." After the success of Tum Bin the Director of the film, Anubhav Sinha, decided to cast Priyanshu Chatterjee in his next project which was Aapko Pehle Bhi Kahin Dekha Hai co-starring Sakshi Shivanand, Om Puri and Farida Jalal. In the same year he starred in two more films Dil Ka Rishta co-starring Aishwarya Rai and the other film being Pinjar which once again starred Sandali Sinha. In 2004 he starred in three unsuccessful films Woh, Julie and Madhoshi. In 2008 he got a small role in the multi-starrer Bhoothnath where he played the son of Bhoothnath portrayed by Amitabh Bachchan. In 2015 he was seen in a cameo in Hate Story 3.